In social psychology, what drives the idea of exchanging benefits in relationships?

The concept of Social Exchange Theory is fundamental in social psychology as it posits that human relationships are formed and maintained based on an exchange of benefits and costs. According to this theory, individuals evaluate their relationships in terms of the rewards they receive in comparison to the costs they incur. This evaluation process helps individuals determine the overall satisfaction and stability of a relationship.

Individuals are motivated to maximize positive outcomes while minimizing negative ones, leading to relationships that provide a favorable balance of benefits. If a relationship offers more rewards than costs, it is likely to be maintained; conversely, if the costs outweigh the rewards, individuals may seek to withdraw from or terminate the relationship.

Social Exchange Theory highlights the rational decision-making process that individuals use in their social interactions, emphasizing that relationships are often driven by the pursuit of advantageous exchanges rather than purely emotional or altruistic factors. This makes it the correct answer in the context of understanding what drives the idea of exchanging benefits in relationships.